Also known as metal base PCBs, aluminum based PCBs comprise metal based laminates that are covered by copper foil circuit layers. They are constructed utilizing alloy plates, which consist of a combination of Aluminum, Magnesium, and Silumin (Al-Mg-Si). These PCBs are known for their beneficial features such as electrical insulation, good thermal potential, and high machining performance.
Aluminum PCBs differ slightly from general PCBs. The structure of this PCB comprises:
Ø Base Layer: This layer consists of an aluminum alloy substrate. The use of aluminum makes this PCB an excellent choice for PTH technology. Holes can be cut, punched, or drilled to the requisite sizes.
Ø Insulation Layer: While the base layer is certainly important, the thermal insulation layer is a critical component of this PCB. It consists of a special ceramic polymer, which has excellent viscoelastic properties and thermal resistance. The insulation layer also protects the PCB from thermal and mechanical stresses.
Ø Circuit Layer: This layer comprises the copper foil mentioned earlier. Generally, PCB manufacturers utilize thick copper foils, which can range from 1oz to 10oz.
There are certain materials and processes that can be used to augment the performance of the PCB. These include gold plated HAL, lead free RoHS assembly processes, immersion gold silkscreen, and OSP anti-oxidation processes.
While aluminum PCBs consist of the same width and thickness as FR4 PCBs, the alloy plate allows the PCB to increase its conductivity to 2.0. Also, it can carry higher currents and withstand up to 4,500 volts of electricity.
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